Energy

 

Energy in Denmark, Consumption and Potential

Consumption


Consumption of energy in Denmark 2019

PJ

Total energy incl. international transport - Link

1241

Homes

305

Enterprises

412

International Transport

524


CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY IN DENMARK 2019

PJ

Electricity

112,3

Wind (6,1 GW)

58,1

Sun (1,1 GW)

3,5

Other

50,7

Transport is the primary target for methanol.



Consumption of energy in Denmark 2019

PJ

Energy excl. International transport - Link               

718

Energy sector

37

Production

160

Service

112

Homes

212

Transport by use

223

Military

1

Rail

5

Sea inland

7

Air

45

Road

164

 

 

Transportation by source

221,6

Gasoline

56,8

Diesel

105,6

Biodiesel

7,6

Bioethanol

1,8

EL

1,7

JP1 (jet fuel)

46,0

Other

2,1

Gasoline and diesel are the primary target for methanol replacement.


Potential

Potential of renewables 2050

PJ

Renewables total potential

1060

 

 

Wind

910

Reserved area offshore, 39,914 km2 – 40 GW - Link

565

Additional area offshore 11,000 km2 – 12,4 GW

175

Onshore 12 GW - Link.

170

 

 

Sun

20

Onshore – 7 GW

20

 

 

Biogas - link

130

Straw

40

Manure

25

Other residuals from agriculture, household, and industry

25

Conversion of CO2 to methane

36


Renewable methanol max. potential by 2050.

PJ

Million t

Methanol

496

24

 

 

 

Electro-methanol

 

 

Wind and sun 930 PJ –112 PJ = 818 PJ. Conv. Factor 0,5

409

20

Biomethanol

 

 

Biogas 130 PJ Conv. Factor 0,67

87

4


Assuming an unchanged electricity consumption of 112 PJ, excess wind and solar power (818 PJ) may be converted to methanol. Conversion of electricity to methanol reduces the energy retained. The alternative, however, is to slow down solar and wind energy so that excess do not burden the electricity grid. By converting excess electricity into motor fuel, the load on the electricity supply will be reduced.


Renewable methanol for Transportation by 2040

PJ

Million t

Methanol

107

5

 

 

 

Electro-methanol

 

 

Wind and sun 40 PJ Conv. Factor 0,5

20

1

Biomethanol

 

 

Biogas 130 PJ Conv. Factor 0,67

87

4

Methanol is preferably made of biogas, containing both energy and carbon and wherein the carbon is relatively inexpensive. Until 2040, supplementation with e-methanol may be needed and it will be intensified until 2050.
According to prof. Søren Knudsen Kær, Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University it will be possible to convert electricity to methanol with an energy efficiency of 70%, which will increase yield substantially.

Retained renewable energy by 2040

PJ

Energy Total

997

Methanol for transportation (Conv. Factor 50%)

107

Electricity 930 PJ – 40 PJ (for methanol)

890


With a higher conversion efficiency of 70% the methanol yield goes up. Introducing engines designed for methanol the consumption needed for transportation drops 50% to 111 PJ bringing balance within reach - re. the ICE2025+ program. However, the international transport still poses a challenge.

11 million ton methanol is required by 2050 for the replacement of gasoline and diesel with a conservative estimate of improved performance with dedicated methanol machines.



Understanding Global Warming, Oversigt - LINK

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