Understanding Global Warming

  Understanding Global Warming Climate Models CMIP The CMIP5 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5) is a standard experimental framework for studying the output of coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation models. It is the most current and extensive of the CMIPs organized by the Working Group on Coupled Modelling (WGCM) of the World Climate Research Programme’s (WCRP). Table  1 . The tropical region receives the most solar energy. There are important discrepancies between models and observations regarding tropical tropospheric temperature trends. The most likely cause of the discrepancies between models and observations is that the feedbacks in the models are too strongly positive. Source: December 12th, 2019, Roy W. Spencer. Abbreviations: IPSL-CM5A-LR (Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace -   CM5A-LR: Low resolution). GFDL-CM3 (Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory – CM3). NorESM1-M (The Norwegian Earth System Model). FIO-ESM (First Institute of Oceanography...

  Understanding Global Warming Carbon Pools Carbon Pools. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) beautifully illustrates the Earth's carbon stocks. Fig. 1 of "Annex Henry's Law" -  hyperlink  - is taken from the IPCC Carbon Cycle AR5 and shows a simplified scheme for the global carbon cycles. The carbon stocks indicated in the same figure are compactly represented in the diagram of the four Carbon Pools. Emissions. Carbon dioxide is released during plant respiration and this becomes 120,9 Gt C. annually. This also includes CO 2  released during forest fires. The sun is heating the oceans – most near equator – causing an emission of 78,4 Gt C per year. Sequestering. D uring photosynthesis the plants absorb carbon dioxide. On an annual basis it becomes 123 Gt Carbon (C). The oceans and sea ice – most in the North Atlantic – also absorb carbon dioxide ~ 80 Gt C/year. Imbala...

  Understanding Global Warming Henrys Law Figure 1. IPCC Carbon Cycle AR5. Simplified schematic of the global carbon cycle. Numbers represent carbon mass and exchange fluxes in Gt (Pg) carbon per year – hyperlink . The enclosed part [our highlighting] shows a chain of circles connecting the atmospheric carbon with that of the sea - quite to the sediment on the ocean floor. A total upward flux of 207,1 GtC is indicated. According to Henry’s law , a balance must be maintained between the concentration of CO₂ in the atmosphere and in the ocean’s surface layer. As chemical and biological processes remove CO₂ from surface waters and transport it to deeper layers, space is created for additional CO₂ uptake at the surface. However, this downward transport introduces a delay in the system’s overall response. Consequently, only an amount of CO₂ roughly equivalent to half of the fossil fuel emissions is absorbed by the oceans on an ongoing basis. An amount corresponding to the r...

  Understanding Global Warming Sea level in Denmark   Figure  1 . Sea level Fynshav, Denmark. Source: Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level (PSMSL) -   hyperlink .   The tectonic plate under Scandinavia and us tilt over a line that goes close to Fynshav. The vertical changes are therefore negligible – see SONEL data fig. 2. June 26, 1997 Bill Clinton spoke at the United Nations Special Session on Environment and Development and said ”Island chains such as the Maldives will disappear from the map, unless we reverse the predictions” - video . The predictions were not reversed, and the Maldives did not disappear.   Why, is explained by prof. Nils-Axel Mörner in an open letter to the president of the Maldives – letter . Coastal erosion is often confused with rising water levels. The same goes for vertical land changes as explained in “Sea Level is Not Rising” by Nils-Axel Mörner - report . Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level (PSMSL) registers ...

  Energy in Denmark, Consumption and Potential Consumption Consumption of energy in Denmark 2019 PJ Total energy incl. international transport - Link 1241 Homes 305 Enterprises 412 International Transport 524 CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY IN DENMARK 2019 PJ Electricity 112,3 Wind (6,1 GW) 58,1 Sun (1,1 GW) 3,5 Other 50,7 Transport is the primary target for methanol. Consumption of energy in Denmark 2019 PJ Energy excl. International transport - Link                 718 Energy sector 37 Production 160 Service 112 Homes 212 Transport by use 223 ...